Synthesis of inventive biphenyl and azabiphenyl derivatives as potential insecticidal agents against the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis

Table 5 Lipase and amylase activities in Hemolymph of the 4th Instar Larvae of S. littoralis after 5 days of exposure with LC₅₀ of 8d, 8a, 4b, and 8b tested compounds

Tested compounds	Lipase activity (U/mL)	% of control	Amylase activity (U/mL)	% of control
8d	0.121 ± 0.004^a	47.56	0.098 ± 0.002^b	− 56.06
8a	0.024 ± 0.007^c	− 70.73	0.078 ± 0.007^b	− 65.03
4b	0.024 ± 0.002^c	− 70.73	0.041 ± 0.002^c	− 81.62
8b	0.038 ± 0.002^c	− 53.66	0.024 ± 0.003^c	− 89.24
Control	0.082 ± 0.002^b		0.223 ± 0.015^a

Whereby, means ± SE (standard error) of 3 replicates of 50 of 4th larvae each. Distinct letters designate significant variances between treatments as stated by Duncan’s test. LSD = 0.05 was 0.038 U/mL for lipase and 0.023 U/mL for amylase. % of control = (test−control)/control × 100

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